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Intravenous NAD⁺: Uses, Applications and Scientific Evidence

🔬 What is NAD⁺ and what is its biological function?

NAD⁺ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is an essential coenzyme in multiple cellular reactions. It participates in redox processes, sirtuin activation, DNA repair via PARPs, and the regulation of energy metabolism. Its decline with age and in chronic pathologies has driven its therapeutic use through various routes, including intravenous administration.

💉 NAD⁺ Intravenous: Why this route?

Intravenous administration avoids first-pass hepatic metabolism and allows for higher plasma levels to be achieved quickly. It is used in clinical settings where immediate and sustained bioavailability is required.

🧪 Clinical applications of intravenous NAD⁺

Chronic fatigue and mitochondrial dysfunction

Chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, long COVID.

Addictions and withdrawal syndrome

Use in detoxification of alcohol, opiates, stimulants.

Neuroprotection

Research in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's.

Cognitive optimization and longevity

Improved energy, mental clarity, sleep, and mitochondrial function.

Insulin resistance and metabolism

Preliminary studies in metabolic syndrome, NAFLD and prediabetes.

⚠️ Security and Controversies

Generally well tolerated, although mild side effects such as nausea, headache, or a feeling of warmth may occur if infused rapidly. Clinical evidence is still limited, so it should be used with medical judgment, especially in the context of functional medicine.

📌 Doses used in clinical practice (guideline)

Clinical objective

Typical IV Dose

Frequency

Chronic fatigue / long COVID

250–500 mg

1–2 times per week for 4–6 weeks

Detoxification

750–1500 mg

Daily for 5–10 days

Cognitive optimization

250–500 mg

Weekly or monthly

Neurodegeneration

500–1000 mg

Chronic, depending on tolerance

📚 Conclusion

Intravenous NAD⁺ is a promising tool in the fields of integrative, functional, and healthy aging medicine. While its clinical applications range from detoxification to neuroprotection and metabolic optimization, current evidence still requires validation in controlled clinical trials. Its use should be individualized, under professional supervision, and as part of a comprehensive approach.

Bibliographic References

1. Yoshino J, Baur JA, Imai S. NAD⁺ Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR. Cell Metab. 2018;27(3):513–528.

2. Covarrubias AJ, Perrone R, Grozio A, Verdin E. NAD⁺ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during aging. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2021;22(2):119–141.

3. Liu L, Su X, Quinn WJ, et al. NAD⁺ consumption by PARP1 in response to DNA damage triggers metabolic shift critical for damaged cell survival. Mol Cell. 2018;69(5):1061–1072.e7.

4. Grant R, Berg J, Mestayer R, et al. A Pilot Study of the Intravenous Administration of NAD⁺ in the Treatment of Fatigue. J Addict Res Ther. 2019;10(1):1–7.

5. Chini CCS, Tarragó MG, Chini EN. NAD and the aging process: Role in life, death and everything in between. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2017;455:62–74.

6. Verdin E. NAD⁺ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration. Science. 2015;350(6265):1208–1213.

7. Zhou B, Wang DD, Qiu Y, et al. Boosting NAD⁺ Level Suppresses Inflammatory Activation of PBMCs in Heart Failure Patients. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2021;35:1085–1093.

8. Mills KF, Yoshida S, Stein LR, et al. Long-term administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide mitigates age-associated physiological decline in mice. Cell Metab. 2016;24(6):795–806.

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